{"id":2056,"date":"2023-12-18T15:03:50","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T14:03:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/?p=2056"},"modified":"2023-12-18T15:10:09","modified_gmt":"2023-12-18T14:10:09","slug":"kalendarni-data-v-praxi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/?p=2056","title":{"rendered":"Kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed data v\u00a0praxi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Na semin\u00e1\u0159i Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 legislativa a jej\u00ed dopad na \u00fapravu dokument\u016f \u2013 etiketa a normy v p\u00edsemn\u00e9m styku<\/a> d\u00e1v\u00e1m \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm na v\u00fdb\u011br z t\u011bchto form\u00e1t\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) 5. 1. 2023
b) 05.01.2023
c) 5.1.2023
d) 05. 01. 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a pt\u00e1m se, kter\u00fd je podle nich spr\u00e1vn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spr\u00e1vnou odpov\u011b\u010f poskytnou jen ti \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee form\u00e1t data je definovan\u00fd z\u00e1konem ji\u017e od roku 2001, a jde o z\u00e1pis uveden\u00fd pod p\u00edsmenem b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud nepracujete na \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b, pak v \u00favahu p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 archaick\u00fd form\u00e1t pod p\u00edsmenem a), kter\u00fd je v\u0161ak lehce zfal\u0161ovateln\u00fd, kdy\u017e z 5. 1. 2023 lze snadno ud\u011blat 15.11.2023. Form\u00e1t pod p\u00edsmenem b) obsahuje tzv. bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed nulu, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje veps\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u010d\u00edslice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Datum lze ps\u00e1t vzestupn\u011b<\/strong> ve tvaru den, m\u011bs\u00edc, rok s te\u010dkou jako odd\u011blova\u010dem, tj. 21.03.2023 (dd.mm.rrrr), nebo sestupn\u011b<\/strong> ve tvaru rok, m\u011bs\u00edc, den se spojovn\u00edkem, tj. 2023-03-21 (rrrr-mm-dd).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00edseln\u011b vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9 datum p\u00ed\u0161eme<\/strong> v\u017edy dvoum\u00edstn\u011b a v\u017edy bez mezer.<\/strong> Vzestupn\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed (dd.mm.rrrr) je vhodn\u00e9 v\u0161ude v obchodn\u00ed a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed korespondenci. Sestupn\u00fd form\u00e1t<\/strong> (rrrr-mm-dd) je typick\u00fd pro vypl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed rubrik, v odvolac\u00edch \u00fadaj\u00edch,<\/strong> pro po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat, \u2026, ale nen\u00ed povinn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1pis data mus\u00ed b\u00fdt sice jednotn\u00fd v r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9 p\u00edsemnosti, av\u0161ak p\u00edsemnost\u00ed \u2013 pro \u00fa\u010dely jednotn\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho data \u2013 m\u00e1me na mysli t\u011blo zpr\u00e1vy, v r\u00e1mci kter\u00e9ho bude z\u00e1pis stejn\u00fd. V odvolac\u00edch \u00fadaj\u00edch a z\u00e1pat\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt z\u00e1pis jin\u00fd ne\u017e ve zbytku dokumentu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

25.06.2023     (nikoli: 25.06.23)
2023-06-25     (nikoli: 23-06-25)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V dopisech do zahrani\u010d\u00ed, v osobn\u00edch dopisech, v \u00fa\u010detn\u00edch dokladech a v p\u00edsemnostech pr\u00e1vn\u00edho charakteru se doporu\u010duje m\u011bs\u00edc vypsat slovem: 1.\u20139. den nap\u00ed\u0161eme jednom\u00edstn\u011b a po te\u010dce ud\u011bl\u00e1me mezeru (d. mmmm rrrr)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1silku jsme odeslali 05.09.2023.      (dd.mm.rrrr)
Z\u00e1silku jsme odeslali 5. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2023.     (d. mmmm rrrr)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Slovn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong> se pou\u017eije tak\u00e9 v\u00a0dopisech u m\u00edsta a data odesl\u00e1n\u00ed. Slovo dne<\/strong> se neuv\u00e1d\u00ed (pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b inteligentn\u00ed ob\u010dan pozn\u00e1, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o den), \u010d\u00e1rka se nep\u00ed\u0161e, m\u011bs\u00edc se vyp\u00ed\u0161e slovem ve tvaru 2.\u00a0p\u00e1du (prvn\u00ed p\u00e1d se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00fd T\u011b\u0161\u00edn 21. b\u0159ezna 2023 (nikoli: \u010cesk\u00fd T\u011b\u0161\u00edn, 21. b\u0159ezna 2023)
V \u010cesk\u00e9m T\u011b\u0161\u00edn\u011b 21. b\u0159ezna 2023 (nikoli: V \u010cesk\u00e9m T\u011b\u0161\u00edn\u011b dne 21. b\u0159ezna 2023)
Ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed 1. \u010derven je sv\u00e1tkem d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pozor na standardy jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed,<\/strong> kdy data mohou b\u00fdt uvedena v jin\u00e9m form\u00e1tu, nap\u0159. m\u011bs\u00edc, den, rok (mm.dd.rrrr). Zde se pro jednozna\u010dnost sd\u011blen\u00ed doporu\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edt vyps\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce slovy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad \u2013 form\u00e1t data v anglick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

03\/02\/23 = March 02, 2023 = March 2nd<\/sup> 2023 = 2. b\u0159ezna 2023
05\/06\/23 = Mai 06, 2023 = Mai 6th<\/sup> 2023 = 6. kv\u011btna 2023<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jak se p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky slovy, to jsme si uk\u00e1zali v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a>. Pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed hodnotu vypsanou \u010d\u00edslem dopl\u0148ujeme z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f o slovn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed. Tuto pou\u010dku rafinovan\u011b implementoval Krajsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9hradeck\u00e9ho kraje, kter\u00fd do z\u00e1pisu kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho data vepsal i den v t\u00fddnu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee jsme opakovan\u011b upozornili \u00fa\u0159ad na poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed dokument\u016f, lidov\u00e1 tvo\u0159ivost vyhr\u00e1v\u00e1 na pln\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1\u0159e. Nadto najdeme v\u00a0dokumentu i dal\u0161\u00ed proh\u0159e\u0161ky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n