{"id":2726,"date":"2026-04-02T07:44:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-02T06:44:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/?p=2726"},"modified":"2026-04-02T07:44:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T06:44:14","slug":"jak-neutopit-tonouciho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/?p=2726","title":{"rendered":"Jak neutopit tonouc\u00edho"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Jak jsem p\u0159estal b\u00fdt \u201emrtv\u00fdm broukem\u201c a za\u010dal zachra\u0148ovat \u017eivoty<\/strong>. V\u017edycky jsem si myslel, \u017ee prvn\u00ed pomoc je n\u011bco jako jadern\u00e1 fyzika. V televizi to vypad\u00e1 hrozn\u011b dramaticky \u2013 zpomalen\u00e9 z\u00e1b\u011bry, pot na \u010dele a lidi, co k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed: <strong>\u201eZtr\u00e1c\u00edme ho!\u201c<\/strong> <br>Moje strategie pro p\u0159\u00edpad nehody byla jasn\u00e1: omdl\u00edt d\u0159\u00edv ne\u017e ten posti\u017een\u00fd, nebo se tv\u00e1\u0159it, \u017ee zrovna intenzivn\u011b studuji j\u00edzdn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d na opa\u010dn\u00e9 stran\u011b ulice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pak jsem ale potkal Honzu Slez\u00e1ka. Chlap\u00edk je profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159, instruktor pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a vodn\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 slu\u017eby. \u010cekal jsem p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9ho gener\u00e1la v b\u00edl\u00e9m pl\u00e1\u0161ti, ale m\u00edsto toho p\u0159i\u0161el n\u011bkdo, kdo mi s ledov\u00fdm klidem i s trochou humoru vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee KPR nen\u00ed ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed tanec, ale v podstat\u011b jen hodn\u011b intenzivn\u00ed kardio. A od t\u00e9 doby m\u00e1me <a href=\"https:\/\/www.akademie-vzdelavani.cz\/vzdelavani\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v nab\u00eddce semin\u00e1\u0159 prvn\u00ed pomoci<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lekce prvn\u00ed: \u201eNezlomte mu \u017eebra&#8230; nebo v\u00edte co? Zlomte!\u201c<\/strong> Moje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed obava? \u017de n\u011bkomu p\u0159i mas\u00e1\u017ei srdce k\u0159upnu hrudn\u00edk a on m\u011b pak za\u017ealuje. \u201eHele,\u201c \u0159ekl mi instruktor s \u00fasm\u011bvem \u010dlov\u011bka, co u\u017e vid\u011bl v\u0161echno od utopenc\u016f po zapomenut\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de, \u201emrtv\u00e9mu u\u017e v\u00edc ubl\u00ed\u017eit nem\u016f\u017ee\u0161. Bu\u010f mu ta \u017eebra trochu pocuch\u00e1\u0161 a on se nadechne, nebo bude m\u00edt hrudn\u00edk vcelku, ale bude mu to v rakvi celkem k ni\u010demu.\u201c Tenhle pragmatismus m\u011b okam\u017eit\u011b uklidnil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lekce druh\u00e1: Rytmus v krvi (doslova)<\/strong> V\u017edycky jsem si pletl frekvenci<em>. <\/em>Je to <em><strong>Pr\u0161\u00ed, pr\u0161\u00ed<\/strong><\/em> nebo <strong><em>Stayin\u2018 Alive?<\/em> <\/strong>Instruktor ze m\u011b tuhle nejistotu vyml\u00e1til (metaforicky). Jako tren\u00e9r plav\u00e1n\u00ed a instruktor DAN m\u00e1 ten rytmus prost\u011b v mal\u00ed\u010dku. Najednou jsem zjistil, \u017ee mas\u00edrovat srdce nen\u00ed o v\u011bd\u011b, ale o tom chytit ten spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u201evibe\u201c. Po deseti minut\u00e1ch na resuscita\u010dn\u00ed figur\u00edn\u011b jsem m\u011bl pocit, \u017ee bych mohl resuscitovat i vybitou baterku u auta. Prvn\u00ed pomoc nen\u00ed o slo\u017eit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch, je o va\u0161ich rukou a va\u0161\u00ed odvaze za\u010d\u00edt: <em><strong>\u201eAh, ha, ha, ha, stayin\u2018 alive, stayin\u2018 alive\u2026\u201c<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u00fdsledek?<\/strong> U\u017e nejsem ten, co zmaten\u011b pob\u00edh\u00e1 kolem. Z\u00a0kurzu prvn\u00ed pomoci jsem s pocitem, \u017ee i kdy\u017e nejsem diplomovan\u00fd z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159, m\u00e1m za sebou \u0161kolen\u00ed od n\u011bkoho, kdo j\u00edm je. Ta medic\u00ednsk\u00e1 garance nen\u00ed jen n\u00e1pis na pap\u00ed\u0159e \u2013 je to ten pocit, \u017ee v\u00e1m to vysv\u011btlil n\u011bkdo, kdo v\u00ed, jak chutn\u00e1 adrenalin v ter\u00e9nu, a ne jen kafe v u\u010debn\u011b. Te\u010f u\u017e se neboj\u00edm. Kdyby se n\u011bco stalo, v\u00edm, kam s\u00e1hnout, jak zatla\u010dit a jak u toho nepanika\u0159it. A i kdy\u017e douf\u00e1m, \u017ee nikoho mas\u00edrovat nebudu muset, v\u00edm jedno: Pokud m\u011b n\u011bkdy uvid\u00edte s vyhrnut\u00fdmi ruk\u00e1vy, jak se na v\u00e1s \u0159\u00edt\u00edm, bu\u010fte v klidu. U\u017e v\u00edm, co m\u00e1m d\u011blat!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>A nyn\u00ed n\u011bkolik souv\u011bt\u00ed Honzy Slez\u00e1ka, lektora semin\u00e1\u0159\u016f prvn\u00ed pomoci:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pro\u010d se u\u010dit prvn\u00ed pomoc pr\u00e1v\u011b ode m\u011b?<\/strong> <strong>KPR nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 v\u011bda, jen dovednost, kterou by m\u011bl m\u00edt ka\u017ed\u00fd<\/strong>. P\u0159edstavte si situaci: jste u vody, v parku nebo v kancel\u00e1\u0159i a n\u011bkdo vedle v\u00e1s n\u00e1hle zkolabuje. Vte\u0159iny se vle\u010dou jako hodiny, adrenalin stoup\u00e1 a v hlav\u011b m\u00e1te jedinou ot\u00e1zku: \u201e<em>V\u00edm p\u0159esn\u011b, co m\u00e1m d\u011blat? V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed si pod pojmem \u201eprvn\u00ed pomoc\u201c p\u0159edstav\u00ed stres, strach z toho, \u017ee n\u011bco pokaz\u00ed, a pocit bezmoci. Ch\u00e1pu to. Ale co kdybych v\u00e1m \u0159ekl, \u017ee KPR nen\u00ed<\/em> <em>o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch nadp\u0159irozen\u00fdch schopnostech, ale o p\u00e1r jednoduch\u00fdch kroc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 se m\u016f\u017ee nau\u010dit \u00fapln\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd\u201c? <\/em>Teorie z p\u0159\u00edru\u010dek je jedna v\u011bc, ale skute\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1chrana \u017eivota vy\u017eaduje v\u00edc ne\u017e jen nau\u010den\u00e9 postupy. Vy\u017eaduje klid, rozhodnost a praxi. Jako profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159 v\u00e1m nenab\u00edz\u00edm jen such\u00e9 \u0161kolen\u00ed \u2013 nab\u00edz\u00edm v\u00e1m vhled \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd tyto situace za\u017eil v re\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159: Praxe, kter\u00e1 se ned\u00e1 vy\u010d\u00edst z\u00a0knih. <\/strong>Jako diplomovan\u00fd z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159 jsem str\u00e1vil tis\u00edce hodin v ter\u00e9nu. Vid\u011bl jsem realitu kritick\u00fdch stav\u016f a v\u00edm, co v\u00a0krizov\u00fdch momentech skute\u010dn\u011b funguje. P\u0159i m\u00fdch kurzech KPR (kardiopulmon\u00e1ln\u00ed resuscitace) v\u00e1s nebudu u\u010dit jen to, kam polo\u017eit ruce. <strong>Nau\u010d\u00edm v\u00e1s, jak zvl\u00e1dnout vlastn\u00ed stres, jak efektivn\u011b komunikovat s oper\u00e1torem t\u00eds\u0148ov\u00e9 linky a jak si udr\u017eet chladnou hlavu,<\/strong> i kdy\u017e jde o v\u0161echno. Nechci z v\u00e1s d\u011blat z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159e na pln\u00fd \u00favazek. Chci z v\u00e1s ud\u011blat lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed se nebudou b\u00e1t zas\u00e1hnout, kdy\u017e p\u016fjde o \u017eivot bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka nebo n\u011bkoho na ulici. Strach z toho, \u017ee n\u011bkomu ubl\u00ed\u017e\u00edte, je p\u0159irozen\u00fd. Ale jedin\u00e1 chyba, kterou m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat, je ned\u011blat nic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Instruktor vodn\u00ed z\u00e1chrany a pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed: Expert na extr\u00e9mn\u00ed situace. <\/strong>Moje odbornost sah\u00e1 hluboko pod vodn\u00ed hladinu i na jej\u00ed povrch. Jako instruktor pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch organizac\u00ed NAUI a DAN, instruktor vodn\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 slu\u017eby a tren\u00e9r plav\u00e1n\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1m bezpe\u010dnost v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm kontextu. Voda je \u017eivel, kter\u00fd neodpou\u0161t\u00ed, a v\u00fdcvik v tomto prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u011b nau\u010dil maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed preciznosti a preventivn\u00edmu my\u0161len\u00ed. Tato unik\u00e1tn\u00ed kombinace dovednost\u00ed mi umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ed\u00e1vat znalosti prvn\u00ed pomoci s d\u016frazem na situace, kter\u00e9 jsou pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho laika n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a o to kriti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Moje filozofie: Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd \u2013 \u201estayin\u2018 alive\u201c je to o\u010d tu b\u011b\u017e\u00ed. <\/strong>Mnoho lid\u00ed m\u00e1 strach, \u017ee p\u0159i resuscitaci n\u011bco ud\u011blaj\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b. J\u00e1 jsem tu od toho, abych tento strach rozbil. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm zku\u0161enostem instruktora a tren\u00e9ra um\u00edm vysv\u011btlit i slo\u017eit\u00e9 postupy jednodu\u0161e, n\u00e1zorn\u011b a s trp\u011blivost\u00ed. Kdy\u017e \u0161kol\u00edm ve\u0159ejnost, m\u00fdm c\u00edlem nen\u00ed jen to, abyste z\u00edskali certifik\u00e1t. M\u00fdm c\u00edlem je, abyste z kurzu ode\u0161li s v\u011bdom\u00edm: \u201e<em>Pokud se<\/em> <em>n\u011bco stane, j\u00e1 to zvl\u00e1dnu.\u201c <\/em>Nau\u010d\u00edm v\u00e1s dovednosti, kter\u00e9 jsou podlo\u017een\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00fdmi standardy, ale podan\u00e9 lidsky a srozumiteln\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Prvn\u00ed pomoc nen\u00ed o slo\u017eit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch, je o va\u0161ich rukou a va\u0161\u00ed odvaze za\u010d\u00edt: <strong><em>\u201eAh, ha, ha, ha, stayin\u2018 alive,stayin\u2018 alive\u2026\u201c<\/em><\/strong>Poj\u010fme to odbourat. <br><strong>Nau\u010d\u00edm v\u00e1s, jak resuscitaci zvl\u00e1dnout s klidem, efektivn\u011b a hlavn\u011b tak, abyste si v\u011b\u0159ili.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak jsem p\u0159estal b\u00fdt \u201emrtv\u00fdm broukem\u201c a za\u010dal zachra\u0148ovat \u017eivoty. V\u017edycky jsem si myslel, \u017ee prvn\u00ed pomoc je n\u011bco jako jadern\u00e1 fyzika. V televizi to vypad\u00e1 hrozn\u011b dramaticky \u2013 zpomalen\u00e9 z\u00e1b\u011bry, pot na \u010dele a lidi, co k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed: \u201eZtr\u00e1c\u00edme ho!\u201c Moje strategie pro p\u0159\u00edpad nehody byla jasn\u00e1: omdl\u00edt d\u0159\u00edv ne\u017e ten posti\u017een\u00fd, nebo se tv\u00e1\u0159it,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2726","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ze-zivota"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2726"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2726\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2727,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2726\/revisions\/2727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}