{"id":2778,"date":"2026-10-25T12:20:01","date_gmt":"2026-10-25T11:20:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/?p=2778"},"modified":"2026-10-25T12:20:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-25T11:20:01","slug":"kdyz-lektori-uci-pravidla-ktera-neexistuji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/?p=2778","title":{"rendered":"Kdy\u017e lekto\u0159i u\u010d\u00ed pravidla, kter\u00e1 neexistuj\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Nejen\u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lekto\u0159i tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zkratka <strong>I\u010c neexistuje<\/strong>, co\u017e je v rozporu s pr\u00e1vn\u00ed terminologi\u00ed, ale nov\u011b se objevuje tak\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1zvy dokument\u016f p\u00ed\u0161eme s velk\u00fdm po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm p\u00edsmenem, pokud jsou konkretizov\u00e1ny po\u0159adov\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad se uv\u00e1d\u00ed <strong>Smlouva \u010d. 3\/2026.<\/strong> Ani toto tvrzen\u00ed v\u0161ak neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 pravidl\u016fm \u010desk\u00e9ho pravopisu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ozna\u010den\u00ed druhu dokumentu p\u00ed\u0161eme s mal\u00fdm po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm p\u00edsmenem, a to i tehdy, kdy\u017e je konkretizov\u00e1no \u010d\u00edslem.<\/strong> Spr\u00e1vn\u011b tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>smlouva \u010d. 3\/2026, vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka \u010d. 33\/2024 Sb., na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy \u010d. 52\/2024 Sb.,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z\u00e1kon \u010d. 128\/2000 Sb., z\u00e1pis ze zased\u00e1n\u00ed z 10.10.2026, v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va za rok 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejde o m\u016fj osobn\u00ed n\u00e1zor ani o nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 pravidlo. Tento zp\u016fsob z\u00e1pisu popisuje <strong>Internetov\u00e1 jazykov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dka \u00dastavu pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd AV \u010cR<\/strong> v kapitole <em>Velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena \u2013 dokumenty, um\u011bleck\u00e1 a odborn\u00e1 d\u00edla<\/em>. P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1zvy ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pouze druh p\u00edsemnosti se p\u00ed\u0161ou s mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem. U vyhl\u00e1\u0161ek a na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nav\u00edc v\u00fdslovn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee to plat\u00ed i tehdy, jsou-li \u010d\u00edseln\u011b specifikov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nutn\u00e9 rozli\u0161ovat obecn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed dokumentu od jeho vlastn\u00edho ofici\u00e1ln\u00edho n\u00e1zvu. U vlastn\u00edch n\u00e1zv\u016f se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed obecn\u00e1 pravidla psan\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen. <strong>Samotn\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed po\u0159adov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla v\u0161ak nen\u00ed d\u016fvodem pro velk\u00e9 po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u00edsmeno.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doporu\u010duji proto p\u0159i v\u00fduce \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed a obchodn\u00ed komunikace vych\u00e1zet z ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch jazykov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, nikoli z pravidel, kter\u00e1 si n\u011bkdo s\u00e1m domyslel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Chcete m\u00edt v \u00faprav\u011b dokument\u016f jasno? <\/strong>Pr\u00e1v\u011b legislativn\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016fm, pravidl\u016fm p\u00edsemn\u00e9ho styku a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b dokument\u016f se v\u011bnujeme tak\u00e9 na semin\u00e1\u0159i <a href=\"https:\/\/download.akademie-vzdelavani.cz\/uprava-dokumentu.pdf\">Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 legislativa a jej\u00ed dopad na \u00fapravu dokument\u016f \u2013 etiketa a normy v p\u00edsemn\u00e9m styku<\/a>. Dal\u0161\u00ed informace najdete na webu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.akademie-vzdelavani.cz\/vzdelavani\/\">Akademie nev\u0161edn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u011bsto Dobru\u0161ka, nebo m\u011bsto Dobru\u0161ka? A co M\u011bstsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm \u010dast\u00fdm zdrojem chyb je psan\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen v n\u00e1zvech obc\u00ed, m\u011bst a jejich \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. <strong>V\u00fdrazy obec, m\u011bstys, m\u011bsto, statut\u00e1rn\u00ed m\u011bsto a hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto <\/strong>p\u00ed\u0161eme p\u0159ed zem\u011bpisn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem s mal\u00fdm po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm p\u00edsmenem. Spr\u00e1vn\u011b tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>m\u011bsto Dobru\u0161ka, statut\u00e1rn\u00ed m\u011bsto Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, obec Bystr\u00e9, hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Praha.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tato slova se p\u00ed\u0161ou s mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem bez ohledu na to, zda ozna\u010duj\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed druhu \u00fazemn\u00edho samospr\u00e1vn\u00edho celku, nebo pr\u00e1vnickou osobu. P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka z\u00e1rove\u0148 upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee z\u00e1pis s velk\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem v n\u011bkter\u00fdch rejst\u0159\u00edc\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch subjekt\u016f nen\u00ed z\u00e1vazn\u00fdm pravopisn\u00fdm pravidlem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Obdobn\u011b se p\u00ed\u0161ou tak\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed organiza\u010dn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u011bst. Spr\u00e1vn\u011b tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>m\u011bstsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st Praha 11<\/strong>, <strong>m\u011bstsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st Brno-L\u00ed\u0161e\u0148<\/strong> nebo <strong>m\u011bstsk\u00fd obvod Plze\u0148 3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A co m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady? Zde je t\u0159eba rozli\u0161ovat obecn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed instituce od jej\u00edho ofici\u00e1ln\u00edho n\u00e1zvu. Ve spojen\u00ed <strong>m\u011bstsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad v Dobru\u0161ce<\/strong> p\u00ed\u0161eme ozna\u010den\u00ed instituce s mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem. Pokud v\u0161ak uv\u00e1d\u00edme n\u00e1zev instituce jako vlastn\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zev, nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>M\u011bstsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad Dobru\u0161ka<\/strong>, uplat\u0148uje se pravidlo pro psan\u00ed vlastn\u00edch n\u00e1zv\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee bychom m\u011bli rozli\u0161ovat mezi obecn\u00fdm ozna\u010den\u00edm a vlastn\u00edm n\u00e1zvem a \u0159\u00eddit se skute\u010dn\u00fdmi pravopisn\u00fdmi pravidly, nikoli mechanicky ps\u00e1t velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena v\u0161ude tam, kde se n\u00e1m zdaj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zdroje:<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/prirucka.ujc.cas.cz\/?id=185&amp;dotaz=m%C4%9Bsto\">Velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena: obce, m\u011bsta, m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti, s\u00eddli\u0161t\u011b a \u010dtvrti<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/prirucka.ujc.cas.cz\/?id=190&amp;dotaz=n%C3%A1zvy%20dokument%C5%AF\">Velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena: dokumenty, um\u011bleck\u00e1 a odborn\u00e1 d\u00edla<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nejen\u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lekto\u0159i tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zkratka I\u010c neexistuje, co\u017e je v rozporu s pr\u00e1vn\u00ed terminologi\u00ed, ale nov\u011b se objevuje tak\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1zvy dokument\u016f p\u00ed\u0161eme s velk\u00fdm po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm p\u00edsmenem, pokud jsou konkretizov\u00e1ny po\u0159adov\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad se uv\u00e1d\u00ed Smlouva \u010d. 3\/2026. Ani toto tvrzen\u00ed v\u0161ak neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 pravidl\u016fm \u010desk\u00e9ho pravopisu. Ozna\u010den\u00ed druhu dokumentu p\u00ed\u0161eme s mal\u00fdm&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-z-prace"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2778"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2782,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2778\/revisions\/2782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radim.martynek.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}